Lab Project 2; Chromosome 15 and DNA and RNA

Part 1

8 Genes on Chromosome 15



Introduction



The first purpose of this project is to identify 8 genes
that are found on chromosome 15 in the human body. After identifying the 8
genes, the second purpose is to discover what the functions of the 8 genes are.







Results



THBS1 gene codes for a protein that is a part of a larger
unit, (Collins English
 Dictionary-Complete and Unabridged) of homotrimeric
protein. This protein assists with platelet aggregation, which is the platelets
in blood being clumped together, (MedicineNet),
angiogenesis, which is the “process of developing new blood vessels”, (MedicineNet) and tumorigeneis,
which is a tumor being made, (The American Heritage Medical Dictionary)



RAD51 gene codes for a protein that helps repair DNA. 



B2M gene codes for a serum protein that is associated
with tissue compatibility and helps transplants to be successful. (MedicineNet) A defect in this
gene can result in gastrointestinal problems. (Health Dictionary)



FBN1 genes codes for a protein that is in the fibrillin
family. It provides support for tissue throughout the body. If there is a
defect in this gene it can result in Marfan syndrome, isolated ectopia lentis,
autosomal dominant Weill-Marchesani syndrome, MASS syndrome, or
Shprintzen-Goldberg craniosynostosis syndrome, which are connective tissue
disorders. 



ANXA2 gene codes a member of the annexin family. Annexins
are proteins that work together to bind calcium and phospholipids. (MedicineNet)



PML gene codes protein in the TRIM family. Its job is to
act as a transcription factor and a tumor suppressor. (NCBI)




CYP19A1 gene code for the P450 family of enzymes. There
are high amounts of this gene in the liver where it helps metabolize drugs and
toxic compounds. This gene also has a job to do in the synthesis of steroid
hormones and cholesterol and helps to metabolize vitamin D. A defect in this
gene can cause too much or too little aromatase, which is an enzyme that helps
in the production of estrogen. (Weizmann Institure of Science) 



LIPC gene codes for hepatic triglyceride lipase. This
genes job is to cause hydrolysis of triglycerides. It also helps in HDL
metabolism. (Weizmann Institute of Science)








I chose the LIPC gene for my favorite gene. My husband’s
blood work always comes back showing to high a level of triglycerides and to
low a level of HDL. His mom and his sister also have this health issue. I
thought it was interesting that this gene played a part in triglycerides and
HDL and wondered if this is a genetic condition. 



Conclusion



It was very interesting to see all the different genes
and what their functions are. I would have guessed that genes with similar
functions would be on the same chromosomes. I was surprised by the variety of
functions that the genes had when located on the same chromosome. 



Works Cited

 

Collins English Dictionary-Complete and Unabridged. subunit.
 2003. 4 March 2012 <http://www.thefreedictionary.com/subunit>.

 

Health Dictionary. Hypercatabolic Hypoprotein.
 2005. 4 March 2012 <http://www.healthdictionary.info/Hypercatabolic_Hypoproteinemia,_Idiopathic.htm>.

 

MedicineNet. Angiogenesis. 27 April 2011. 4
 March 2012
 <http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=6597>.

 

—. Annexin V Definition. 27 April 2011. 4
 March 2012 <http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=8972>.

 

—. Histocompatibility. 16 April 2003. 4 March
 2012 <http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=23075>.

 

—. Platelet Aggregation. n.d. 4 March 2012
 <http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=33673>.

 

NCBI. PML promyelocytic leukemia. 28 February
 2012. 4 March 2012
 <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?db=gene&cmd=retrieve&dopt=full_report&list_uids=5371>.

 

The American Heritage Medical Dictionary. tumorigenesis.
 2007. 4 March 2012
 <http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/tumorigenesis>.

 

Weizmann Institure of Science. CYP19A1 Gene-Gene
 Cards. 12 January 2012. 5 March 2012
 <http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=CYP19A1>.

 

Weizmann Institute of Science. LIPC Gene-Gene
 Cards. 16 January 2012. 5 March 2012
 <http://www.genecards.org/cgi-bin/carddisp.pl?gene=LIPC>

Part 2

DNA to RNA 

Introduction

The purpose of this project was to change a strand of DNA to a strand of RNA. After the DNA  is transcribed or changed to DNA, the first 10 amino acids are listed. And finally, a model of   DNA was made. 

Procedure

A random line of DNA was copied and pasted from the web site http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/NT_011878.9?from=219056&to=813231&report=fasta. To make transcribing the DNA easier for me, I placed the DNA into codons or groups of three. I then transcribed the     DNA into RNA using T=A, A=U, C=G and G=C. The RNA was placed into codons. Next I used the amino acid chart on page 412 in the text book to find out what the first 10 amino acids       were.  Then I made a DNA molecule out of clay. I used two long pink strands to represent the  double helix. I used blue clay for T, green clay for A, yellow clay for C and orange clay for G. I    followed the DNA code that I had selected. 

Results

DNA=TTC CTG TCT GTT GGT CGT TCT CTG ATG CTG CCA GCC ACT TGT GCT GCT GTT CTC CCC TCT CCT TCC ACT T

RNA=AAG GAC AGA CAA CCA GCA AGA GAC UAC GAC GGU CGG UGA ACA CGA CGA CAA GAG GGG AGA GGA AGG UGA A

Amino Acid 1- Lysine (Lys)

Amino Acid 2- Aspartic Acid (Asp)

Amino Acid 3- Arginine (Arg)

Amino Acid 4- Glutamine (Gln)

Amino Acid 5- Proline (Pro)

Amino Acid 6- Alanine (Ala)

Amino Acid 7- Arginine (Arg)

Amino Acid 8- Aspartic Acid (Asp)

Amino Acid 9- Tyrosine (Tyr)

Amino Acid 10- Aspartic Acid (Asp)

Conclusion

There were three purposes to this project. The first was to show how DNA is transcribed to RNA. The second was to show what the first 10 amino acids were on the strand on RNA. And the third was to show a model of a DNA molecule. 

What each color represents. 

 The two strands. 

One side completed. 

Completed DNA.